Facts: gum disease

Periodontal (gum) disease is the number one cause of tooth loss in adults and affects the supporting tissue of the tooth - the periodontal ligament, the gingiva (gums), alveolar bone (supporting bone) and the cementum (root surface of the tooth).

        Gum disease begins as an inflammation of the gum area (gingivitis), evidenced by redness, swelling and bleeding on brushing. Without adequate attention, gingivitis can slowly progress to chronic periodontitis, where the bone and the fibres below the gum - which support the tooth - are progressively attacked. This condition can be painless, but over time the affected tooth will become loose and eventually require extraction.

Cause
Periodontal disease is caused by dental plaque - a soft, almost invisible layer of bacteria, which forms on the tooth and is present in everyone's mouth. Any irregularity around the teeth - such as crooked teeth, overhanging fillings, poorly contoured fillings, partial dentures, and calculus - encourages an accumulation of plaque, which makes cleaning your teeth more difficult.

        Calculus, otherwise known as tartar, is calcified plaque. Calculus has a rough surface which is impossible to clean thoroughly. As it progresses, the natural shallow crevice between the gum and the tooth enlarges, to form a periodontal pocket - in which plaque accumulates, causing further destruction.

Effect
If left untreated, advanced periodontitis, will result in tooth loss. But if you seek treatment in the earlier stages, you should be able to keep your teeth for life. Never ignore bleeding, red or swollen gums. Listen to your body, recognise these signs and seek treatment.

Singapore Dental Surgery, Tel: 6834 0388, www.singaporedentalsurgery.com


Posted Sept 2010